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Tuberculosis incidence correlates with sunshine: an ecological 28-year time series study.
(2013)
BACKGROUND: Birmingham is the largest UK city after London, and central Birmingham has an annual tuberculosis incidence of 80 per 100,000. We examined seasonality and sunlight as drivers of tuberculosis incidence. Hours ...
Transposable Elements and Their KRAB-ZFP Controllers Regulate Gene Expression in Adult Tissues.
(2016-03-21)
KRAB-containing zinc finger proteins (KRAB-ZFPs) are early embryonic controllers of transposable elements (TEs), which they repress with their cofactor KAP1 through histone and DNA methylation, a process thought to result ...
Loss of transcriptional control over endogenous retroelements during reprogramming to pluripotency.
(2014-05-30)
Endogenous retroelements (EREs) account for about half of the mouse or human genome, and their potential as insertional mutagens and transcriptional perturbators is suppressed by early embryonic epigenetic silencing. Here, ...
De novo DNA methylation of endogenous retroviruses is shaped by KRAB-ZFPs/KAP1 and ESET.
(2013-02-01)
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) undergo de novo DNA methylation during the first few days of mammalian embryogenesis, although the factors that control the targeting of this process are largely unknown. We asked whether ...
Immunization with a lentiviral vector stimulates both CD4 and CD8 T cell responses to an ovalbumin transgene.
(2006-02)
Lentiviral vectors encoding antigens are promising vaccine candidates because they transduce dendritic cells (DC) in vivo and prime CTL responses. Here we examine their stimulation of antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells, ...
Global and stage specific patterns of Krüppel-associated-box zinc finger protein gene expression in murine early embryonic cells.
(2013-02-22)
Highly coordinated transcription networks orchestrate the self-renewal of pluripotent stem cell and the earliest steps of mammalian development. KRAB-containing zinc finger proteins represent the largest group of transcription ...
Retrotransposons shape species-specific embryonic stem cell gene expression.
(2015-05-29)
Over half of our genome is composed of retrotransposons, which are mobile elements that can readily amplify their copy number by replicating through an RNA intermediate. Most of these elements are no longer mobile but still ...
Dynamic control of endogenous retroviruses during development.
(2011-03-15)
Close to half of the human genome encompasses mobile genetic elements, most of which are retrotransposons. These genetic invaders are formidable evolutionary forces that have shaped the architecture of the genomes of higher ...
Epigenetic control of retrotransposons in adult tissues: implications for immune regulation.
(2017-08)
Retrotransposons tune immune reactivity in differentiated cells because when they are transcribed, their nucleic acids can be viewed as non-self leading to innate immune sensing. Most retrotransposons, however, are subject ...
Uncultured Members of the Oral Microbiome.
(2016-07)
Around one-third of oral bacteria cannot be cultured using conventional methods. Some bacteria have specific requirements for nutrients while others may be inhibited by substances in the culture media or produced by other ...