dc.contributor.author | Nimmons, D | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Bazo-Alvarez, JC | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Avgerinou, C | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Hayes, J | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Osborn, D | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Cooper, C | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Petersen, I | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Walters, K | en_US |
dc.date.accessioned | 2024-06-21T08:04:00Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2024-04-18 | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 2056-4724 | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/97575 | |
dc.description.abstract | BACKGROUND: Depression, anxiety and insomnia often co-occur. However, there is a lack of research regarding how they cluster and how this is related to medication used to treat them. AIMS: To describe the frequencies and associations between depression, anxiety and insomnia, and treatment for these conditions in primary care. METHOD: A retrospective cohort study using UK electronic primary care records. We included individuals aged between 18 and 99 years old with one or more records suggesting they had a diagnosis, symptom or drug treatment for anxiety, depression or insomnia between 2015 and 2017. We report the conditional probabilities of having different combinations of diagnoses, symptoms and treatments recorded. RESULTS: There were 1 325 960 records indicative of depression, anxiety or insomnia, for 739 834 individuals. Depression was the most common condition (n = 106 117 records), and SSRIs were the most commonly prescribed medication (n = 347 751 records). Overall, individuals with a record of anxiety were most likely to have co-occurring symptoms and diagnoses of other mental health conditions. For example, of the individuals with a record of generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), 24% also had a diagnosis of depression. In contrast, only 0.6% of those who had a diagnosis of depression had a diagnosis or symptom of GAD. Prescribing of more than one psychotropic medication within the same year was common. For example, of those who were prescribed an SNRI (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor), 40% were also prescribed an SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor). CONCLUSIONS: The conditional probabilities of co-occurring anxiety, depression and insomnia symptoms, diagnoses and treatments are high. | en_US |
dc.format.extent | e76 - ? | en_US |
dc.language | eng | en_US |
dc.relation.ispartof | BJPsych Open | en_US |
dc.rights | This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited. | |
dc.subject | Anxiety or fear-related disorders | en_US |
dc.subject | anti-anxiety drugs | en_US |
dc.subject | antidepressants | en_US |
dc.subject | depressive disorders | en_US |
dc.subject | primary care | en_US |
dc.title | Exploring the co-occurrence of depression, anxiety and insomnia symptoms, diagnoses and treatments in primary care: observational study using UK primary care data. | en_US |
dc.type | Article | |
dc.rights.holder | © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Royal College of Psychiatrists | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1192/bjo.2024.20 | en_US |
pubs.author-url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38634320 | en_US |
pubs.issue | 3 | en_US |
pubs.notes | Not known | en_US |
pubs.publication-status | Published online | en_US |
pubs.volume | 10 | en_US |
rioxxterms.funder | Default funder | en_US |
rioxxterms.identifier.project | Default project | en_US |