Browsing Centre for Clinical Trials & Methodology by Subject "Humans"
Now showing items 1-20 of 39
-
Accelerated versus standard epirubicin followed by cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil or capecitabine as adjuvant therapy for breast cancer (UK TACT2; CRUK/05/19): quality of life results from a multicentre, phase 3, open-label, randomised, controlled trial.
(2023-12)BACKGROUND: Adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with early breast cancer improves outcomes but its toxicity affects patients' quality of life (QOL). The UK TACT2 trial investigated whether accelerated epirubicin improves ... -
Antibiotic use for inpatient newborn care with suspected infection: EN-BIRTH multi-country validation study.
(BioMed Central, 2021-03-26)BACKGROUND: An estimated 30 million neonates require inpatient care annually, many with life-threatening infections. Appropriate antibiotic management is crucial, yet there is no routine measurement of coverage. The Every ... -
Barriers and enablers to routine register data collection for newborns and mothers: EN-BIRTH multi-country validation study.
(BioMed Central, 2021-03-26)BACKGROUND: Policymakers need regular high-quality coverage data on care around the time of birth to accelerate progress for ending preventable maternal and newborn deaths and stillbirths. With increasing facility births, ... -
Birthweight measurement processes and perceived value: qualitative research in one EN-BIRTH study hospital in Tanzania.
(2021-03-26)BACKGROUND: Globally an estimated 20.5 million liveborn babies are low birthweight (LBW) each year, weighing less than 2500 g. LBW babies have increased risk of mortality even beyond the neonatal period, with an ongoing ... -
Burden of neglected tropical diseases and access to medicine and diagnostics in Ethiopia: a scoping review.
(2023-08-14)BACKGROUND: More than 1.7 billion people are affected by neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) worldwide. Forty percent of the NTD-affected people live in Africa with the poorest, most vulnerable, and hard to reach geographical ... -
Costs associated with delivering HPV vaccination in the context of the first year demonstration programme in southern Mozambique.
(2019-08-01)BACKGROUND: In Mozambique cervical cancer is a public health threat, due to its high incidence and limited access to early diagnosis of precancerous lesions. International organisations are supporting the introduction of ... -
Counting on birth registration: mixed-methods research in two EN-BIRTH study hospitals in Tanzania.
(2021-03-26)BACKGROUND: Birth registration marks a child's right to identity and is the first step to establishing citizenship and access to services. At the population level, birth registration data can inform effective programming ... -
Developing a minimum common dataset for hip fracture audit to help countries set up national audits that can support international comparisons.
(2022-06)AIMS: The aim of this study was to explore current use of the Global Fragility Fracture Network (FFN) Minimum Common Dataset (MCD) within established national hip fracture registries, and to propose a revised MCD to enable ... -
Development and evaluation of a method to assess breast cancer risk using a longitudinal history of mammographic density: a cohort study.
(2023-11-24)BACKGROUND: Women with dense breasts have an increased risk of breast cancer. However, breast density is measured with variability, which may reduce the reliability and accuracy of its association with breast cancer risk. ... -
Dismantling, optimising, and personalising internet cognitive behavioural therapy for depression: a systematic review and component network meta-analysis using individual participant data.
(2021-06)BACKGROUND: Internet cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) is a viable delivery format of CBT for depression. However, iCBT programmes include training in a wide array of cognitive and behavioural skills via different ... -
The economic burden of malaria on households and the health system in a high transmission district of Mozambique.
(2019-11-11)BACKGROUND: Malaria remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Mozambique. Increased investments in malaria control have reduced the burden, but few studies have estimated the costs of malaria in the country. ... -
A feasibility trial of a digital mindfulness-based intervention to improve asthma-related quality of life for primary care patients with asthma.
(2022-02)Asthma outcomes remain suboptimal, despite effective pharmacotherapy. Psychological dysfunction (such as anxiety) is common, and associated with poorer outcomes. We evaluated a digital mindfulness programme as an intervention ... -
FORWARDS-1: an adaptive, single-blind, placebo-controlled ascending dose study of acute baclofen on safety parameters in opioid dependence during methadone-maintenance treatment-a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic study.
(2022-10-18)BACKGROUND: Treatment of opiate addiction with opiate substitution treatment (e.g. methadone) is beneficial. However, some individuals desire or would benefit from abstinence but there are limited options to attenuate ... -
Hypofractionation: The standard for external beam breast irradiation.
(2023-06)This overview provides the historical perspective of external beam breast hypofractionation over the last 50 years. It highlights the serious harm suffered by patients with breast cancer in the 1970's and 1980's because ... -
Immediate newborn care and breastfeeding: EN-BIRTH multi-country validation study.
(BioMed Central, 2021-03-26)BACKGROUND: Immediate newborn care (INC) practices, notably early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF), are fundamental for newborn health. However, coverage tracking currently relies on household survey data in many settings. ... -
Innate and adaptive mucosal immunity in protection against HIV infection.
(2006-04-01)The appalling toll on the populations of developing countries as a result of the HIV epidemic shows no signs of abatement. While costly drug therapies are effective in developed nations, the sheer scale of the epidemic ... -
Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in childhood encephalitis (IgNiTE): a randomised controlled trial.
(2023-11-09)OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) improves neurological outcomes in children with encephalitis when administered early in the illness. DESIGN: Phase 3b multicentre, double-blind, randomised ... -
IP-10 Levels as an Accurate Screening Tool to Detect Acute HIV Infection in Resource-Limited Settings.
(2017-08-14)Acute HIV infection (AHI) is the period prior to seroconversion characterized by high viral replication, hyper-transmission potential and commonly, non-specific febrile illness. AHI detection requires HIV-RNA viral load ... -
Kangaroo mother care: EN-BIRTH multi-country validation study.
(2021-03-26)BACKGROUND: Kangaroo mother care (KMC) reduces mortality among stable neonates ≤2000 g. Lack of data tracking coverage and quality of KMC in both surveys and routine information systems impedes scale-up. This paper evaluates ...