Browsing Centre for Clinical Trials & Methodology by Subject "Female"
Now showing items 1-20 of 23
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Accelerated versus standard epirubicin followed by cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil or capecitabine as adjuvant therapy for breast cancer (UK TACT2; CRUK/05/19): quality of life results from a multicentre, phase 3, open-label, randomised, controlled trial.
(2023-12)BACKGROUND: Adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with early breast cancer improves outcomes but its toxicity affects patients' quality of life (QOL). The UK TACT2 trial investigated whether accelerated epirubicin improves ... -
Antibiotic use for inpatient newborn care with suspected infection: EN-BIRTH multi-country validation study.
(BioMed Central, 2021-03-26)BACKGROUND: An estimated 30 million neonates require inpatient care annually, many with life-threatening infections. Appropriate antibiotic management is crucial, yet there is no routine measurement of coverage. The Every ... -
Barriers and enablers to routine register data collection for newborns and mothers: EN-BIRTH multi-country validation study.
(BioMed Central, 2021-03-26)BACKGROUND: Policymakers need regular high-quality coverage data on care around the time of birth to accelerate progress for ending preventable maternal and newborn deaths and stillbirths. With increasing facility births, ... -
Birthweight measurement processes and perceived value: qualitative research in one EN-BIRTH study hospital in Tanzania.
(2021-03-26)BACKGROUND: Globally an estimated 20.5 million liveborn babies are low birthweight (LBW) each year, weighing less than 2500 g. LBW babies have increased risk of mortality even beyond the neonatal period, with an ongoing ... -
Costs associated with delivering HPV vaccination in the context of the first year demonstration programme in southern Mozambique.
(2019-08-01)BACKGROUND: In Mozambique cervical cancer is a public health threat, due to its high incidence and limited access to early diagnosis of precancerous lesions. International organisations are supporting the introduction of ... -
Counting on birth registration: mixed-methods research in two EN-BIRTH study hospitals in Tanzania.
(2021-03-26)BACKGROUND: Birth registration marks a child's right to identity and is the first step to establishing citizenship and access to services. At the population level, birth registration data can inform effective programming ... -
Development and evaluation of a method to assess breast cancer risk using a longitudinal history of mammographic density: a cohort study.
(2023-11-24)BACKGROUND: Women with dense breasts have an increased risk of breast cancer. However, breast density is measured with variability, which may reduce the reliability and accuracy of its association with breast cancer risk. ... -
The economic burden of malaria on households and the health system in a high transmission district of Mozambique.
(2019-11-11)BACKGROUND: Malaria remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Mozambique. Increased investments in malaria control have reduced the burden, but few studies have estimated the costs of malaria in the country. ... -
Hypofractionation: The standard for external beam breast irradiation.
(2023-06)This overview provides the historical perspective of external beam breast hypofractionation over the last 50 years. It highlights the serious harm suffered by patients with breast cancer in the 1970's and 1980's because ... -
Immediate newborn care and breastfeeding: EN-BIRTH multi-country validation study.
(BioMed Central, 2021-03-26)BACKGROUND: Immediate newborn care (INC) practices, notably early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF), are fundamental for newborn health. However, coverage tracking currently relies on household survey data in many settings. ... -
Innate and adaptive mucosal immunity in protection against HIV infection.
(2006-04-01)The appalling toll on the populations of developing countries as a result of the HIV epidemic shows no signs of abatement. While costly drug therapies are effective in developed nations, the sheer scale of the epidemic ... -
IP-10 Levels as an Accurate Screening Tool to Detect Acute HIV Infection in Resource-Limited Settings.
(2017-08-14)Acute HIV infection (AHI) is the period prior to seroconversion characterized by high viral replication, hyper-transmission potential and commonly, non-specific febrile illness. AHI detection requires HIV-RNA viral load ... -
Kangaroo mother care: EN-BIRTH multi-country validation study.
(2021-03-26)BACKGROUND: Kangaroo mother care (KMC) reduces mortality among stable neonates ≤2000 g. Lack of data tracking coverage and quality of KMC in both surveys and routine information systems impedes scale-up. This paper evaluates ... -
Margin status and survival outcomes after breast cancer conservation surgery: prospectively registered systematic review and meta-analysis.
(2022-09-21)OBJECTIVE: To determine if margin involvement is associated with distant recurrence and to determine the required margin to minimise both local recurrence and distant recurrence in early stage invasive breast cancer. DESIGN: ... -
Neonatal resuscitation: EN-BIRTH multi-country validation study.
(BioMed Central, 2021-03-26)BACKGROUND: Annually, 14 million newborns require stimulation to initiate breathing at birth and 6 million require bag-mask-ventilation (BMV). Many countries have invested in facility-based neonatal resuscitation equipment ... -
One versus three weeks hypofractionated whole breast radiotherapy for early breast cancer treatment: the FAST-Forward phase III RCT.
(2023-11)BACKGROUND: FAST-Forward aimed to identify a 5-fraction schedule of adjuvant radiotherapy delivered in 1 week that was non-inferior in terms of local cancer control and as safe as the standard 15-fraction regimen after ... -
Patients' costs, socio-economic and health system aspects associated with malaria in pregnancy in an endemic area of Colombia.
(2018-05)Malaria in pregnancy threatens birth outcomes and the health of women and their newborns. This is also the case in low transmission areas, such as Colombia, where Plasmodium vivax is the dominant parasite species. Within ... -
Reducing antibiotic use in uncomplicated urinary tract infections in adult women: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.
(2022-12)BACKGROUND: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigated analgesics, herbal formulations, delayed prescription of antibiotics, and placebo to prevent overprescription of antibiotics in women with uncomplicated urinary ... -
Risk factors for community-acquired respiratory infections in a non-pandemic context: Secondary analysis of the PRIMIT study.
(2022)OBJECTIVES: Respiratory tract infection (RTI) incidence varies between people, but little is known about why. The aim of this study is therefore to identify risk factors for acquiring RTIs. METHODS: We conducted a secondary ... -
Stillbirths including intrapartum timing: EN-BIRTH multi-country validation study.
(BioMed Central, 2021-03-26)BACKGROUND: An estimated >2 million babies stillborn around the world each year lack visibility. Low- and middle-income countries carry 84% of the burden yet have the least data. Most births are now in facilities, hence ...