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dc.contributor.authorWahrendorf, Men_US
dc.contributor.authorAkinwale, Ben_US
dc.contributor.authorLandy, Ren_US
dc.contributor.authorMatthews, Ken_US
dc.contributor.authorBlane, Den_US
dc.date.accessioned2016-11-03T14:41:11Z
dc.date.available2016-09-05en_US
dc.date.issued2017en_US
dc.date.submitted2016-10-26T13:56:35.589Z
dc.identifier.issn1874-7884en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/16269
dc.description.abstractThere is much research about those who exit the labour market prematurely, however, comparatively little is known about people working longer and about their employment and working conditions. In this paper, we describe the employment and working conditions of men and women working between 65 and 80 years, and compare them with previous conditions of those retired in the same age group. Analyses are based on wave 4 data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) with information collected between 2009 and 2011 from 17,625 older men and women across 16 European countries. Besides socio-demographic and health-related factors (physical and mental health), the focus lies on employment conditions (e.g. employment status, occupational position and working hours) and on stressful working conditions, measured in terms of low control at work and effort-reward imbalance. In case of retired people, information on working conditions refer to the last job before retirement. Following descriptive analyses, we then conduct multivariable analyses and investigate how working conditions and poor health are related to labour market participation (i.e. random intercept models accounting for country affiliation and adjusted for potential confounders). Results illustrate that people working between the ages of 65 and 80 are more likely to be self-employed (either with or without employees) and work in advantaged occupational positions. Furthermore, findings reveal that psychosocial working conditions are generally better than the conditions retired respondents had in their last job. Finally, in contrast to those who work, health tends to be worse among retired people. In conclusion, findings deliver empirical evidence that paid employment beyond age 65 is more common among self-employed workers throughout Europe, in advantaged occupations and under-favourable psychosocial circumstances, and that this group of workers are in considerably good mental and physical health. This highlights that policies aimed at increasing the state pension age beyond the age of 65 years put pressure on specific disadvantaged groups of men and women.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis paper uses data from SHARE Waves 1, 2, 3 (SHARELIFE) and 4 (DOIs: 10.6103/SHARE.w1.500, 10.6103/SHARE.w2.500, 10.6103/SHARE.w3.500, 10.6103/SHARE.w4.500). The SHARE data collection has been primarily funded by the European Commission through FP5 (QLK6-CT-2001-00360), FP6 (SHARE-I3: RII-CT-2006-062193, COMPARE: CIT5-CT-2005-028857, SHARELIFE: CIT4-CT-2006-028812) and FP7 (SHARE-PREP: N°211909, SHARE-LEAP: N°227822, SHARE M4: N°261982). Additional funding from the German Ministry of Education and Research, the U.S. National Institute on Aging (U01_AG09740-13S2, P01_AG005842, P01_AG08291, P30_AG12815, R21_AG025169, Y1-AG-4553-01, IAG_BSR06-11, OGHA_04-064) and from various national funding sources is gratefully acknowledged (see www.share-project.org). The participation of DB was funded by UK Economic and Social Research Council (Award No: ES-J019119/1) as part of its award to the International Centre for Life Course Studies in Society and Health (ICLS), where DB collaborates with all remaining authors. MW was supported by funding from the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft), project number: WA 3065/3-1.en_US
dc.format.extent269 - 285en_US
dc.languageengen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.relation.ispartofJ Popul Ageingen_US
dc.rightsThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
dc.subjectExtended working lifeen_US
dc.subjectShareen_US
dc.subjectWorking conditionsen_US
dc.titleWho in Europe Works beyond the State Pension Age and under which Conditions? Results from SHARE.en_US
dc.typeArticle
dc.rights.holder© The Author(s) 2016. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s12062-016-9160-4en_US
pubs.author-urlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28890742en_US
pubs.issue3en_US
pubs.notesNot knownen_US
pubs.publication-statusPublisheden_US
pubs.volume10en_US
dcterms.dateAccepted2016-09-05en_US


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