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Fumarate hydratase is a critical metabolic regulator of hematopoietic stem cell functions.
(2017-03-06)
Strict regulation of stem cell metabolism is essential for tissue functions and tumor suppression. In this study, we investigated the role of fumarate hydratase (Fh1), a key component of the mitochondrial tricarboxylic ...
Insights Into the Pathophysiology of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma.
(2018-01)
Although researchers have identified genetic alterations that contribute to development of esophageal adenocarcinoma, we know little about features of patients or environmental factors that mediate progression of chronic ...
Exosomal cargo including microRNA regulates sensory neuron to macrophage communication after nerve trauma.
(2017-11-24)
Following peripheral axon injury, dysregulation of non-coding microRNAs (miRs) occurs in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) sensory neurons. Here we show that DRG neuron cell bodies release extracellular vesicles, including exosomes ...
Separation of Dual Oxidase 2 and Lactoperoxidase Expression in Intestinal Crypts and Species Differences May Limit Hydrogen Peroxide Scavenging During Mucosal Healing in Mice and Humans.
(2017-12-19)
Background: DUOX2 and DUOXA2 form the predominant H2O2-producing system in human colorectal mucosa. Inflammation, hypoxia, and 5-aminosalicylic acid increase H2O2 production, supporting innate defense and mucosal healing. ...
Humanization of bone and bone marrow in an orthotopic site reveals new potential therapeutic targets in osteosarcoma.
(2018-07)
BACKGROUND: Existing preclinical murine models often fail to predict effects of anti-cancer drugs. In order to minimize interspecies-differences between murine hosts and human bone tumors of in vivo xenograft platforms, ...
The combination of CHK1 inhibitor with G-CSF overrides cytarabine resistance in human acute myeloid leukemia.
(2017-11-22)
Cytarabine (AraC) represents the most effective single agent treatment for AML. Nevertheless, overriding AraC resistance in AML remains an unmet medical need. Here we show that the CHK1 inhibitor (CHK1i) GDC-0575 enhances ...
IL-4 as a Repurposed Biological Drug for Myocardial Infarction through Augmentation of Reparative Cardiac Macrophages: Proof-of-Concept Data in Mice.
(2017-07-31)
Recent research has shown that reparative (alternatively activated or M2) macrophages play a role in repair of damaged tissues, including the infarcted hearts. Administration of IL-4 is known to augment M2 macrophages. ...
TNFα in the regulation of Treg and Th17 cells in rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune inflammatory diseases.
(2018-01)
TNFα is a principal pro-inflammatory cytokine vital for immunity to infections. However, its excessive production is involved in chronic inflammation and disease pathology in autoimmune diseases. Evidence for its pathogenic ...
Relevance of TRPA1 and TRPM8 channels as vascular sensors of cold in the cutaneous microvasculature.
(2018-05)
Cold exposure is directly related to skin conditions, such as frostbite. This is due to the cold exposure inducing a vasoconstriction to reduce cutaneous blood flow and protect against heat loss. However, a long-term ...
Novel FOXA2 mutation causes Hyperinsulinism, Hypopituitarism with Craniofacial and Endoderm-derived organ abnormalities.
(2017-11-15)
Congenital hypopituitarism (CH) is characterized by the deficiency of one or more pituitary hormones and can present alone or in association with complex disorders. Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is a disorder of unregulated ...