Browsing Psychology by Subject "Young Adult"
Now showing items 1-19 of 19
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Attention modulates trans-saccadic integration.
(2018-01)With every saccade, humans must reconcile the low resolution peripheral information available before a saccade, with the high resolution foveal information acquired after the saccade. While research has shown that we are ... -
Dopamine enhances model-free credit assignment through boosting of retrospective model-based inference.
(eLife, 2021-12-09)Dopamine is implicated in representing model-free (MF) reward prediction errors a as well as influencing model-based (MB) credit assignment and choice. Putative cooperative interactions between MB and MF systems include a ... -
Efficiency and prioritization of inference-based credit assignment.
(Elsevier, 2021-07-12)Organisms adapt to their environments by learning to approach states that predict rewards and avoid states associated with punishments. Knowledge about the affective value of states often relies on credit assignment (CA), ... -
The hippocampus and orbitofrontal cortex jointly represent task structure during memory-guided decision making
(Cell Press, 2021-11-30)The hippocampus, well known for its role in episodic memory, might also be an important brain region for extracting structure from our experiences in order to guide future decisions. Recent evidence in rodents suggests ... -
Human complex exploration strategies are enriched by noradrenaline-modulated heuristics.
(eLife, 2021-01-04)An exploration-exploitation trade-off, the arbitration between sampling a lesser-known against a known rich option, is thought to be solved using computationally demanding exploration algorithms. Given known limitations ... -
Humans represent the precision and utility of information acquired across fixations.
(2022-02-14)Our environment contains an abundance of objects which humans interact with daily, gathering visual information using sequences of eye-movements to choose which object is best-suited for a particular task. This process is ... -
An in-depth cognitive examination of individuals with superior face recognition skills.
(2016-09)Previous work has reported the existence of "super-recognisers" (SRs), or individuals with extraordinary face recognition skills. However, the precise underpinnings of this ability have not yet been investigated. In this ... -
Mapping the differential impact of spontaneous and conversational laughter on brain and mind: an fMRI study in autism.
(Oxford University Press, 2024-05-16)Spontaneous and conversational laughter are important socio-emotional communicative signals. Neuroimaging findings suggest that non-autistic people engage in mentalizing to understand the meaning behind conversational ... -
The movement advantage in famous and unfamiliar faces: a comparison of point-light displays and shape-normalised avatar stimuli.
(2013)Facial movement may provide cues to identity, by supporting the extraction of face shape information via structure-from-motion, or via characteristic patterns of movement. Currently, it is unclear whether familiar and ... -
Older and younger adults' accuracy in discerning health and competence in older and younger faces.
(2014-09)We examined older and younger adults' accuracy judging the health and competence of faces. Accuracy differed significantly from chance and varied with face age but not rater age. Health ratings were more accurate for older ... -
Optimal trans-saccadic integration relies on visual working memory.
(2018-12)Saccadic eye movements alter the visual processing of objects of interest by bringing them from the periphery, where there is only low-resolution vision, to the high-resolution fovea. Evidence suggests that people are able ... -
Oxytocin increases bias, but not accuracy, in face recognition line-ups.
(2015-07)Previous work indicates that intranasal inhalation of oxytocin improves face recognition skills, raising the possibility that it may be used in security settings. However, it is unclear whether oxytocin directly acts upon ... -
Prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) enhances behavioral and EEG markers of proactive control.
(2019)This study examined the effects of stimulation targeting dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on behavioral and neural oscillatory markers of proactive cognitive control in healthy adults. We hypothesized that active ... -
The profile of attention differs between locations orthogonal to and in line with reach direction.
(2017-11)People make movements in a variety of directions when interacting with the world around them. It has been well documented that attention shifts to the goal of an upcoming movement, whether the movement is a saccade or a ... -
The spatial and temporal properties of attentional selectivity for saccades and reaches.
(2019-08-01)The preparation and execution of saccades and goal-directed movements elicits an accompanying shift in attention at the locus of the impending movement. However, some key aspects of the spatiotemporal profile of this ... -
The spatiotemporal characteristics of the attentional shift relative to a reach.
(2015)While the attentional shift preceding a saccadic eye movement has been well documented, the mechanisms surrounding the attentional shift preceding a reach are not well understood. It is unknown whether these mechanisms may ... -
Stronger saccadic suppression of displacement and blanking effect in children.
(2020-10-01)Humans do not notice small displacements to objects that occur during saccades, termed saccadic suppression of displacement (SSD), and this effect is reduced when a blank is introduced between the pre- and postsaccadic ... -
Transsaccadic integration is dominated by early, independent noise.
(2019-06-03)Humans are able to integrate pre- and postsaccadic percepts of an object across saccades to maintain perceptual stability. Previous studies have used Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) to determine that integration occurs ... -
What Is Time Good for in Working Memory?
(SAGE Publications, 2021-07-26)Giving people more time to process information in working memory improves their performance on working memory tasks. It is often assumed that free time given after presentation of an item enables maintenance processes to ...