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Now showing items 131-140 of 161
Obstetric Healthcare Workers' Adherence to Hand Hygiene Recommendations during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Observations and Social-Cognitive Determinants.
(2020-12)
BACKGROUND: Hand hygiene is crucial to avoid healthcare-associated infections and the transmission of COVID-19. Although the WHO has issued global hand hygiene recommendations for healthcare, adherence remains challenging. ...
Multiple sclerosis.
(2010-01)
Efficiency and prioritization of inference-based credit assignment.
(Elsevier, 2021-07-12)
Organisms adapt to their environments by learning to approach states that predict rewards and avoid states associated with punishments. Knowledge about the affective value of states often relies on credit assignment (CA), ...
Human complex exploration strategies are enriched by noradrenaline-modulated heuristics.
(eLife, 2021-01-04)
An exploration-exploitation trade-off, the arbitration between sampling a lesser-known against a known rich option, is thought to be solved using computationally demanding exploration algorithms. Given known limitations ...
Dopamine enhances model-free credit assignment through boosting of retrospective model-based inference.
(eLife, 2021-12-09)
Dopamine is implicated in representing model-free (MF) reward prediction errors a as well as influencing model-based (MB) credit assignment and choice. Putative cooperative interactions between MB and MF systems include a ...
The global burden of adolescent and young adult cancer in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
(Elsevier, 2021-12-03)
BACKGROUND: In estimating the global burden of cancer, adolescents and young adults with cancer are often overlooked, despite being a distinct subgroup with unique epidemiology, clinical care needs, and societal impact. ...
Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of chewing tobacco use in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
(Elsevier, 2021-05-27)
BACKGROUND: Chewing tobacco and other types of smokeless tobacco use have had less attention from the global health community than smoked tobacco use. However, the practice is popular in many parts of the world and has ...
Nations within a nation: variations in epidemiological transition across the states of India, 1990-2016 in the Global Burden of Disease Study
(Elsevier, 2017-11-14)
BACKGROUND: 18% of the world's population lives in India, and many states of India have populations similar to those of large countries. Action to effectively improve population health in India requires availability of ...
The burden of chronic respiratory diseases and their heterogeneity across the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2016
(Elsevier, 2018-09-12)
BACKGROUND: India has 18% of the global population and an increasing burden of chronic respiratory diseases. However, a systematic understanding of the distribution of chronic respiratory diseases and their trends over ...
Impact of Protracted War Crisis on Dental Students: A Comparative Multicountry Cross-sectional Study
(Medknow Publications, 2023-12-22)
BACKGROUND: The impact of conflict and war crisis on dental students is poorly understood. Given the prolonged conflicts and political instability in the Arabic-speaking countries, it is crucial to investigate the effect ...