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dc.contributor.authorMânica, Sen_US
dc.contributor.authorWong, FSLen_US
dc.contributor.authorDavis, Gen_US
dc.contributor.authorLiversidge, HMen_US
dc.date.accessioned2018-11-15T08:16:31Z
dc.date.available2018-05-25en_US
dc.date.issued2018-08en_US
dc.date.submitted2018-06-04T11:13:24.944Z
dc.identifier.urihttp://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/50643
dc.description.abstractEstimating chronological age accurately in young adults is difficult and additional methods are required to increase the accuracy. This study explored a new semi-automated method to assess shape change of third cervical vertebra (C3) with age in the living; comparing this as a method to determine whether individuals could be categorised into being less than 18 years of age (<18), or at least 18 years of age (≥18) with tooth formation of the second and third mandibular molars (M2 and M3). The sample was panoramic and lateral skull radiographs of 174 dental patients (78 males, 96 females aged 15-22 years). Twelve variables were compared in two age categories: younger than 18 and at least 18 years of age in males and females separately using a t-test. Tooth formation of M2 and M3 was assessed. Mean values of eight variables of C3 in males and one variable in females were significantly different between the two age categories (p < 0.05). Results for males showed that the best age indicator for age ≥18 was the ratio between height and width of C3 and for females, the ratio between diagonals. Results for molars showed that M2 was mature in 69% of males and 83% of females, within the expected age range of 14-16 years. M3 was highly variable ranging from stages 6-14 for both; M3 was missing in 24% of males and 28% of females and mature in 14% of males and 15% of females. The conclusion was that shape change of C3 has potential as an additional method to group individuals <18 and ≥ 18 years of age.en_US
dc.format.extent140 - 144en_US
dc.languageengen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.relation.ispartofJ Forensic Leg Meden_US
dc.rights© 2018. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectForensic scienceen_US
dc.subjectLegal ageen_US
dc.subjectMaturationen_US
dc.subjectMolaren_US
dc.subjectThird cervical vertebraeen_US
dc.subjectAdolescenten_US
dc.subjectAge Determination by Skeletonen_US
dc.subjectAge Determination by Teethen_US
dc.subjectCervical Vertebraeen_US
dc.subjectCross-Sectional Studiesen_US
dc.subjectDentition, Permanenten_US
dc.subjectFemaleen_US
dc.subjectForensic Sciencesen_US
dc.subjectHumansen_US
dc.subjectImage Processing, Computer-Assisteden_US
dc.subjectMaleen_US
dc.subjectMandibleen_US
dc.subjectMolaren_US
dc.subjectRadiography, Panoramicen_US
dc.subjectTooth Crownen_US
dc.subjectTooth Rooten_US
dc.subjectYoung Adulten_US
dc.titleEstimating age using permanent molars and third cervical vertebrae shape with a novel semi-automated method.en_US
dc.typeArticle
dc.rights.holder© 2018 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. All rights reserved.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jflm.2018.05.010en_US
pubs.author-urlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29966814en_US
pubs.notesNot knownen_US
pubs.publication-statusPublisheden_US
pubs.volume58en_US
dcterms.dateAccepted2018-05-25en_US


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