| dc.description.abstract | Objectives: The objective of this ex-vivo study was to assess the efficacy of three different dental varnishes formulated either with casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) or bioglass particles in addition to fluoride or with fluoride only. Methods: Clinical assessments including severity index, and surface roughness measurements (Ra), of 80 extracted teeth with primary root caries were performed. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups. Test groups included dental varnish containing fluoride and CPP-ACP (MI varnish) and another dental varnish with fluoride and bioglass (NUPRO NovaMin). The positive control group had a dental varnish containing fluoride only (NUPRO) whilst negative control group had only routine toothbrushing twice a day. Standardised toothbrushing using a dentifrice containing 1,450 ppm fluoride was carried out twice a day in all groups. All samples were stored in remineralising solution at 37 degrees for 45 days. The clinical assessments were carried out at baseline, and after 45 days. Subsequently, surface roughness measurements were performed after 7, 14, 30 and 45 days. In addition, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Elemental Analysis (SEM/EDS) were used to measure calcium, phosphorous and fluoride concentrations at the lesion surface and with a linear scan. Results: The results showed a significant improvement in the clinical criteria with regards to texture, hardness and dimension (p≤ 0.05) in comparison to the cavitation and colour in all groups; the reduction in the severity index was 20% (4/20) in Test A (MI varnish), 100% (20/20) in Test B (NUPRO NovaMin), 80% (16/20) in positive control (NUPRO), and 60% (12/20) in negative control (no treatment). SEM/EDS confirmed the presence of calcium, phosphate and fluoride on the lesion surface more when compared to the subsurface. Conclusions: As a conclusion, bioglass containing fluoride varnish was significantly effective in reversing root carious lesions when compared to other groups. Toothbrusing only using a standard dentifrice (1,450 ppm fluoride) also had a positive impact on arresting root caries. | en_US |
