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Now showing items 11-20 of 25
Antibiotic use for inpatient newborn care with suspected infection: EN-BIRTH multi-country validation study.
(BioMed Central, 2021-03-26)
BACKGROUND: An estimated 30 million neonates require inpatient care annually, many with life-threatening infections. Appropriate antibiotic management is crucial, yet there is no routine measurement of coverage. The Every ...
Middle-term Outcomes of Gatekeeper Implantation for Fecal Incontinence.
(2020-04)
BACKGROUND: Intersphincteric injectable bulking agents are one of the current treatment options for fecal incontinence, failing behavioral and medical therapy. Gatekeeper showed promising short-term results, but long-term ...
Anti-interleukin-21 antibody and liraglutide for the preservation of β-cell function in adults with recent-onset type 1 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.
(2021-04)
BACKGROUND: Type 1 diabetes is characterised by progressive loss of functional β-cell mass, necessitating insulin treatment. We aimed to investigate the hypothesis that combining anti-interleukin (IL)-21 antibody (for ...
Causes of death after emergency general surgical admission: population cohort study of mortality.
(2021-03-05)
BACKGROUND: A substantial number of patients treated in emergency general surgery (EGS) services die within a year of discharge. The aim of this study was to analyse causes of death and their relationship to discharge ...
Obstetric Healthcare Workers' Adherence to Hand Hygiene Recommendations during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Observations and Social-Cognitive Determinants.
(2020-12)
BACKGROUND: Hand hygiene is crucial to avoid healthcare-associated infections and the transmission of COVID-19. Although the WHO has issued global hand hygiene recommendations for healthcare, adherence remains challenging. ...
Efficiency and prioritization of inference-based credit assignment.
(Elsevier, 2021-07-12)
Organisms adapt to their environments by learning to approach states that predict rewards and avoid states associated with punishments. Knowledge about the affective value of states often relies on credit assignment (CA), ...
Human complex exploration strategies are enriched by noradrenaline-modulated heuristics.
(eLife, 2021-01-04)
An exploration-exploitation trade-off, the arbitration between sampling a lesser-known against a known rich option, is thought to be solved using computationally demanding exploration algorithms. Given known limitations ...
Dopamine enhances model-free credit assignment through boosting of retrospective model-based inference.
(eLife, 2021-12-09)
Dopamine is implicated in representing model-free (MF) reward prediction errors a as well as influencing model-based (MB) credit assignment and choice. Putative cooperative interactions between MB and MF systems include a ...
The global burden of adolescent and young adult cancer in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
(Elsevier, 2021-12-03)
BACKGROUND: In estimating the global burden of cancer, adolescents and young adults with cancer are often overlooked, despite being a distinct subgroup with unique epidemiology, clinical care needs, and societal impact. ...
Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of chewing tobacco use in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
(Elsevier, 2021-05-27)
BACKGROUND: Chewing tobacco and other types of smokeless tobacco use have had less attention from the global health community than smoked tobacco use. However, the practice is popular in many parts of the world and has ...