Ghrelin and Motilin Control Systems in GI Physiology and Therapeutics.
View/ Open
Published version
Embargoed until: 5555-01-01
Reason: Version not permitted.
Embargoed until: 5555-01-01
Reason: Version not permitted.
Series
Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology book series;volume 239
Volume
239
Pagination
379 - 416
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/164_2016_104
Journal
Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
ISSN
0171-2004
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Ghrelin and motilin are released from gastrointestinal endocrine cells during hunger, to act through G protein-coupled receptors that have closely related amino acid sequences. The actions of ghrelin are more complex than motilin because ghrelin also exists outside the GI tract, it is processed to des-acyl ghrelin which has activity, ghrelin can exist in truncated forms and retain activity, the ghrelin receptor can have constitutive activity and is subject to biased agonism and finally additional ghrelin-like and des-acyl ghrelin receptors are proposed. Both ghrelin and motilin can stimulate gastric emptying, acting via different pathways, perhaps influenced by biased agonism at the receptors, but research is revealing additional pathways of activity. For example, it is becoming apparent that reduction of nausea may be a key therapeutic target for ghrelin receptor agonists and perhaps for compounds that modulate the constitutive activity of the ghrelin receptor. Reduction of nausea may be the mechanism through which gastroparesis symptoms are reduced. Intriguingly, a potential ability of motilin to influence nausea is also becoming apparent. Ghrelin interacts with digestive function through its effects on appetite, and ghrelin antagonists may have a place in treating Prader-Willi syndrome. Unlike motilin, ghrelin receptor agonists also have the potential to treat constipation by acting at the lumbosacral defecation centres. In conclusion, agonists of both ghrelin and motilin receptors hold potential as treatments for specific subsets of digestive system disorders.
Authors
Sanger, GJ; Broad, J; Callaghan, B; Furness, JBCollections
Language
Related items
Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
-
In1-ghrelin, a splice variant of ghrelin gene, is associated with the evolution and aggressiveness of human neuroendocrine tumors: Evidence from clinical, cellular and molecular parameters
Luque, RM; Sampedro-Nunez, M; Gahete, MD; Ramos-Levi, A; Ibanez-Costa, A; Rivero-Cortes, E; Serrano-Somavilla, A; Adrados, M; Culler, MD; Castano, JP (2015-08-14) -
Gastrointestinal dysfunction in the critically ill: a systematic scoping review and research agenda proposed by the Section of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine.
Reintam Blaser, A; Preiser, J-C; Fruhwald, S; Wilmer, A; Wernerman, J; Benstoem, C; Casaer, MP; Starkopf, J; van Zanten, A; Rooyackers, O (2020-05-15)BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction is frequent in the critically ill but can be overlooked as a result of the lack of standardization of the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. We aimed to develop a research ... -
Ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) enzyme is overexpressed in prostate cancer, and its levels are associated with patient's metabolic status: Potential value as a non-invasive biomarker
Hormaechea-Agulla, D; Gomez-Gomez, E; Ibanez-Costa, A; Carrasco-Valiente, J; Rivero-Cortes, E; L-Lopez, F; Pedraza-Arevalo, S; Valero-Rosa, J; Sanchez-Sanchez, R; Ortega-Salas, R (2016-12-01)