Growth hormone (GH) can profoundly influence cardiac function. While GH excess causes well-defined cardiac pathology, fewer data are available regarding the more subtle cardiac changes seen in GH deficiency (GHD). This ...

© 2018 Elsevier Inc. Individuals with acromegaloid physical appearance or tall stature may be referred to endocrinologists to exclude growth hormone (GH) excess. While some of these subjects could be healthy individuals ...

Somatostatin, also known as somatotropin-release inhibitory factor, is a cyclopeptide that exerts potent inhibitory actions on hormone secretion and neuronal excitability. Its physiologic functions are mediated by five G ...

Acromegaly is caused by a somatotropinoma in the vast majority of the cases. These are monoclonal tumors that can occur sporadically or rarely in a familial setting. In the last few years, novel familial syndromes have ...

There is a difficulty in the molecular diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to the c.955C>T (p.(Q319*), formerly Q318X, rs7755898) variant of the CYP21A2 gene. Therefore, a systematic assessment of the ...

Context: Carney complex (CNC) is a rare multiple neoplasia syndrome involving cardiac, endocrine, neural, and cutaneous tumors and a variety of pigmented skin lesions. CNC can be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, ...

© 2018 Type 4 phosphodiesterases (PDE4s) of the large PDE enzyme superfamily have unique specificity for cAMP and may, therefore, be relevant for somatotroph tumorigenesis. Somatotroph adenomas typically overexpress PDEs ...

Cushing's syndrome (CS), including visceral obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension and diabetes among its many manifestations, is "a model" of metabolic syndrome. Glucocorticoid (GC) excess, through a combination of effects ...